Democratization

The behavior has resulted in emotional upset for both the child and his parents. It has been continuing for a lengthy period of time during which both parents stated that they had been experiencing an increasing sense of strain, stress, and physical exhaustion.

With respect to the delineation of the problem in terms of variables, it can be noted that the dependent variables are the behavior variables of crying and tantrum behavior. The independent variable is the Treatment (Intervention) variable that is given to the child to remediate the behavior.

Intervention strategies designed to remediate Ross Lobitz' crying and tantrum behavior were designed and based on the behavior modification theories of B.F. Skinner (Skinner, 1956, 1963). In general, the Skinnerian view emphasizes the importance of environmental stimuli in causing and maintaining behavior. The theory holds that there are many ways to use environmental stimuli that elicits behavior (sometimes called reinforcers) to modify or change the behavior in a desired direction.

One way of producing behavior modification or change is to withdraw or withhold those environmental stimuli that appear to be eliciting the behavior. When this withdrawal and/or withholding strategy is used, the behavior rapidly declines and, in a fairly short amount of time, disappears. This disappearance is referred to as "extinguishment".

 

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